Gastrointestinal (GI) surgery is a specialized medical field focused on treating disorders of the digestive tract—including the esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, rectum, and anus—through surgical intervention. Procedures range from repairing tissue to removing tumours or diseased organs. Common approaches include minimally invasive laparoscopic or robotic techniques, which offer faster recovery times compared to traditional open surgery.